【新人教版】2024年高考英语要点梳理+重点突破：选修6 Unit 5 《The power of nature》
选修6 Unit 5 The power of nature
要 点 梳 理 高效梳理·知识备考
●重点单词
1．volcano n2．erupt vi.()爆发；突然发生→eruption n．火山爆发；(战争等)爆发 3．alongside adv. prep.在……旁边；沿着……的边 4．appoint vt.appointment n．约定；任命 5．evaluate vt.evaluation n．评估
6．wave n vi.波动；起伏；挥手 7．absolute adj.absolutely adv.绝对地 8．suit nvt.适合；使适宜→suitable adj.合适的 9．potential n adj.可能的；潜在的 10．actual adj.actually adv.实际地
11．shoot vt.射中；射伤→shot n．射击；枪炮声 12．anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的→anxiously adv.不安地→anxiety n．担心；焦虑；渴望 13．panic vi. & vt.惊慌 n．惊慌；恐慌→panicked(过去式/过去分词) 14．diverse adj.多种多样的；不同的→diversity n．多种多样；多样性 15．appreciation n．欣赏；感激；感谢→appreciate vt.欣赏；感激 16．guarantee vt.保证；担保
●重点短语
1．be compared with...与……相比 2．protect...from...
保护……免受……伤害 3．be appointed as
被委派为…… 4．burn to the ground
全部焚毁 5．be about to do sth.
即将做某事；马上就要做某事 6．make one’s way
前往
7．be anxious about
/不安 8．glance through
9．vary from...to...
10．give birth to
●重点句型
1．Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how
fast.，，。2．I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.，。
3．The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience,_I stayed at the top and watched them.，，。4．It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.，。
(2008·北京)
请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。 In an English speech competition, you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to the judges how you understand it.
_________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________
[范文] From the picture I can see a pair of proud compasses and a hardworking pencil. The compasses are big, drawing a circle with ease, while the pencil is small, drawing a line with great effort. I think the compasses are reasonable to be proud because no one else can do the job better. At the same time, however, he should realize the pencil has his own advantages. The pencil can do other shapes better than the compasses, even pictures. So in my opinion, while we are confident in ourselves, we should recognize strengths in others and show due respect for them.
考 点 探 究 互动探究·能力备考
Ⅰ.词汇短语过关
1．appoint vt.appointment n．任命；约会 appoint sb. to＋职位 任命某人担任某职位 appoint sb. as...任命某人为…… appoint sb. to do sth.委派某人做某事 appoint a time/place for为……约定时间/地点 make an appointment约会；约定 keep/break an appointment守(失)约
[即学即练1](1)The president __________ a new director. 总经理任命了一位新主任。(2)We __________ him (______/______ ______) chairman. 我们选他担任主席。(3)The teacher __________ me ______ ______ the roll. 老师指派我点名。
appointed
as
to
be
appointed
to
call
(4)The time ___________ ______ the meeting was 10：30. 规定的开会时间是10点30分。(5)I’ve ______ ______ ________ ___________ ______ a client and may not come back for supper. 我和一个客户约了晚上见面，。
for
made
an
evening
appointment
with
2．suit n vt.适合；使适宜 suit sth. to sth.使某物适合于另一事物 be suited for/to...适合…… be suitable for sb./sth.适合于某人/某物 be suitable to do sth.适合做某事
[即学即练2](1)Would it ________ you to come at five? 你五点钟来行吗？ (2)If you want to go by bus, that ______ me ______. 如果你想坐公共汽车，。(3)______ the punishment ______ the crime, I say. 喂，。
suits
fine
Suit
to
(4)He and his wife ______ ______ ______ ______ each other. 他和妻子十分般配。(5)The house ______ not really _________ ______ a large family. 这所房子确实不适合大家庭居住。
well
suited
to
is
suitable
for
3．anxious adj. anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；渴望 be anxious about 为某事忧虑、be anxious for 渴望某事 be anxious to do 渴望……，be anxious (for sb.) to do... 渴望(某人)做…… be anxious that 渴望……
[即学即练3](1)Helen ______ ________ ______ travelling on her own. 海伦对自己一个人出门旅行感到担心。(2)Peggy ______ ________ ______ ______ that she can cope with extra responsibility. 佩吉急切地想表明她能承担额外的职责。(3)Mary has ______ ________ ______ your return. 玛丽急切地盼你回来。
anxious
about
is
anxious
to
show
been
anxious
for
辨析：anxious/eager (1)anxious 强调“担心”或“焦虑”，对结果感到不安。 (2)eager 强调“对成功的期望”或“进取的热情”，含有积极向上的意思。
4．panic n. vi. 十分恐慌 vt. 使恐慌 (panicked; panicked) be in (a) panic 在惊慌中 be seized with a panic 惊慌失措 a moment of panic 一时惊慌 cause a panic 引起恐慌 in a state of panic 惊恐之状 panic over sth. 对某事感到惊慌 panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人仓促行动
[即学即练4](1)The crowd ran out ______ ______ ______.群众惊慌失措地跑出去。(2)She ______ ______ ______ ______ when her teacher walked towards her. 当她见到老师向她走来时，。(3)The idea might ______ the investors. 这个想法可能会使投资者惶恐不安。
a
panic
got
into
a
panic
panic
5．guarantee vt. n. 保证；保证书 guarantee sb. against/from... 保证某人免受损害、guarantee to do sth. 保证去做某事 guarantee sth. to sb. 向某人担保/保证某事 be guaranteed to do sth. 必定做某事 give sb. a guarantee that... 向某人担保…… (be) under guarantee 在保修期内
[即学即练5](1)We can‘t _________ the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather. 我们不能保证火车在雾天准时到达。(2)We _________ ______ ______ within a week. 我们保证一周内送到。(3)I _________ ______ I’ll pay off the debt. 我保证我会还清债务。
guarantee
to
deliver
that
guarantee
(4)The watch comes ______ ______ ________ __________. 这表保修一年。(5)Wealth is ______ __________ ______ happiness. 财富并不是幸福的保证。
a
year’s
guarantee
no
guarantee
of
6．burn...to the ground burn down 把……烧成平地，，burn up 烧起来，，burn off 烧掉某物 burn out 烧光，burn away 逐渐烧完；烧光，burn...to death 烧死
[即学即练6](1)The house was ______ ______ ______ ______.那所房子被彻底焚毁了。(2)This exercise helps you to ______ ______ fat and tone muscles.这项锻炼有助于消耗脂肪，。(3)Half the candle had ______ ______. 那根蜡烛烧掉了一半。
to
the
ground
burn
off
burnt
away
7．vary from...to... vary in 在某方面不同 vary from 不同于 vary with 随……变化 vary one‘s life 使生活丰富多彩 a variety of 不同种类的
[即学即练7](1)People vary very much ______ their ideas.人们在观念方面大不相同。(2)They never vary ______ the law of nature. 他们从不违反自然规律。(3)The color of the leaves varies ______ weather. 叶子的颜色随着天气而变化。(4)These apples vary ______ size ______ small ______ medium.这些苹果由小到中等大小不等。
from
with
in
from
to
8．make one‘s way feel one’s way 摸索着前行 fight/push one‘s way 推挤着前行 wind one’s way 蜿蜒向前 force one‘s way out 挤出去；冲出去 push one’s way in 挤进去 lose one‘s way 迷路 inch one’s way 缓慢前进 pick one‘s way 谨慎前进 find one’s way 找到出路 weave one‘s way 穿梭前进
[即学即练8](1)We ______ ______ ______ down the hill towards the town.我们顺着山坡往下朝城里行进。(2)Gradually, Henderson began to ______ ______ ______ in politics.亨德森逐渐在政界有所建树。(3)We ______ ______ ______ in the forest. 我们在森林里迷了路。
our
way
make
his
way
lost
our
way
Ⅱ.重点句型详解
1．I was_about_to_go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.be about to do sth. when... 正要干……这时…… ①I was about to go out when the telephone rang. 我正要出门，。The meeting was about to be held when it began to rain. 会议正要开始，。
(1)be about to do 表示“即将(正要)做某事”，句中不再加时间状语，相当于 be on the point of doing sth.。 (2)be going to do 表示事先经过考虑、打算去做某事或有明显的迹象要发生某事，它可用于条件状语从句中表示将来，而 shall/will 则不行。shall/will 可表示临时作出决定。
(3)be to do表示职责、义务、意图、约定、可能性或注定要发生的动作。 (4)英语中 begin, come, go, leave, sail, start, arrive, return, end, open, close 等表示一个预计将要发生的动作或情况，可用一般现在时表将来。这一动作时间比较固定，基本已成为规律。 (5)英语中 go, come, begin, start, leave, arrive, return, take off 等动词(词组)可用现在进行时代替将来时，表示一个预计将要发生的动作，这种用法要带一个表示将来的时间状语。
[即境活用1] We were ______ to go out for camping ______ it began to rain. A．hardly; thanB．around; as C．about; when
Dnearly; while
解析：be about to...when... “正准备……这时……”，when作“这时”讲，它起并列连词的作用，连接两个并列的分句。
答案：C
2．The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this_being_my_first_experience,_I stayed at the top and watched them.this being...是独立主格结构。/代词＋形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语/名词/数词”构成，、、、。
I heard that she got injured in the accident, my heart full of worry.(表示结果) 听说她在这场事故中受了伤，。The rain having stopped, he went out for a walk. 雨停了，。() ③More time given, we should have done it much better. 如果给我们更多的时间，。()
④The huntsman entered the forest, gun in hand. 那位猎人手里提着枪走进了森林。() ⑤Hundreds of people went out of the cinema, some in pairs, others alone. 成百上千的人走出电影院，，。()
提示：(1)独立主格结构一般用逗号同句子其余部分分开。 (2)表示虚义的逻辑主语 it有时可以省略不写。 (3)there be结构的独立主格结构是：there being＋n.。 ①(It) Being Sunday, there are no students in the school. 因为是星期天，。There being another chance, he will try his best. 假如再有一次机会，。
[2] (2007·山东)The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ______ at the end of last March. A．has been launched
B．having been launched C．being launched
D．to be launched
the most recent having been launched 为独立主格结构，由 at the end of last March 可知应用完成式。
答案：B
3．It_is_said_that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people. It is said that... 据说…… It is reported that... 据报道…… It is believed that... 人们认为……
(1)以上结构中 it是形式主语， that引导的主语从句。be＋过去分词＋不定式”结构，。It is said that he has gone abroad. ＝He is said to have gone abroad. 据说他出国了。(2)有时以上结构还可转化为：“as＋be＋v.ed，，what＋be＋v.ed＋is＋that从句”结构。It is known to all that China is a country with a long history.
＝As is known to all, China is a country with a long history. ＝What is known to all is that China is a country with a long history. 众所周知，。
[3] (2007·重庆)Leonardo da Vinci (1452－1519) ______ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. A．is said to be buying B．is said to have bought C．had said to buy D．has said to have bought
be said to do sth.这一结构。不定式动作发生在 be said 之前，所以要用不定式的完成式，所以答案为B。
答案：B
易 错 点 拨 自我完善·误区备考
fit/suit/match (1)fit多指衣服等尺寸、大小合身，合适。(2)suit指衣服等颜色、、。、、、、、。(3)match意为“使相称，，，、、。
[1] (1)Her clothes don’t ________ her age. 她的服装和年龄不相配。(2)The seven o’clock train will ______ us well. 七点钟那一班火车对我们很合适。(3)I tried the dress on but it didn’t ______. It was too small.我试穿了那件连衣裙，。。(4)Does this skirt ______ me? 这条裙子我穿着好看吗？
match
suit
fit
suit
2. 独立主格结构的用法 [应用2] (1)The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ______ for the day. A．finishing
Bfinished C．had finished
Dwere finished
解析：本题考查名词的独立主格结构。名词短语their lessons和动词finish之间是被动完成关系，故用过去分词finished。
答案：B
(2)－Wow! It snowed last night. What a nice world! －You’re right. But it’s more difficult to find my missing keys with snow ______ the ground. A．covered
Bcover C．to cover
Dcovering
解析：本题考查with复合结构做宾补的非谓语动词形式。snow和cover在逻辑上是主谓关系，因此此处用现在分词。
答案：D
(3)He ran after the dog, ______. A．stick in his hand
Bstick in hand C．a stick in his hand
Dhaving a stick in hand
解析：由“名词＋介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分(物主代词或冠词)，但with的复合结构不受此限制。C项中缺少with，故可排除。B项是独立主格结构做伴随状语。
答案：B
(4)The boys were happily making a snowman, ______ with cold. A．their faces red
Btheir faces were red C．their faces turned red
Dtheir faces to be red
解析：本题考查由“名词＋形容词”构成的独立主格结构做伴随状语。
