2024年高考英语冲刺抢分训练集5

　　2024高考英语冲刺抢分训练集5

　　Ⅰ.词汇短语过关

　　1．quality n. 质量；品质；性质，特征 quantity n. 数量

　　be of good/bad quality 好/坏的品质

　　be of high/poor quality 优/劣质

　　extra fine quality 特等

　　first－rate quality 一等

　　[即学即练1]　

　　(1)He has a watch _________________.他有只质量好的手表。

　　(2)One ______ of wood is that it can burn.木材的一个特性是可以燃烧。

　　(3)It's cheaper to buy goods __________________.购物的量大就便宜一些。

　　答案是：of good quality；quality；in large quantities

　　2．devote vt. (与 to 连用)献身；专心于

　　devoted adj. 热爱的；忠诚的

　　devoteoneself time one's life money energy＋to sth.把……用在，

　　doing sth.　 把……献给

　　sb. be devoted to 专心致志于；忠于；很喜欢

　　a devoted friend 一位忠实的朋友

　　[即学即练2]　

　　(1)She devoted her lifetime ____________ homeless children.她把一生用来帮助无家可归的孩子。

　　(2)His whole life has been devoted ____________ the origin of cancer.他的一生都献给了对癌症起因的研究。

　　(3)After he graduated, he continued to ______________research.毕业之后他继续致力于研究工作。

　　答案是：to helping；to studying；devote himself to

　　3．vote vt. & vi.投票，选举 n．投票；选票；表决

　　vote for投票赞成

　　vote against投票反对

　　vote on投票表决

　　vote...down投票击败，投票否决

　　vote through投票通过

　　put...to the vote付诸表决，裁决

　　[即学即练3]　

　　(1)Did you ________________________ her？你投了她的赞成票还是反对票？

　　(2)He ____________ the most promising new director.他当选为最有前途的新导演。

　　(3)The plan was passed by 6 ____________ 3.这项计划以6票对3票获得通过。

　　答案是：vote for or against；was voted；votes to

　　提示：vote for表示“投票赞同”； vote against表示“投票反对”，类似结构还有“be for/against; fight for/against”。

　　4．equal vt. 等于；抵得上adj. 相等的；胜任的

　　n. 同等/相等的人或物

　　equality n. 平等

　　A equals B in...A在……方面比得上B

　　be equal to＋n./doing sth. 等于；与……相等；有……的能力 (勇气、力量等)；胜任，能干

　　be without equal/have no equal 无与伦比

　　[即学即练4]

　　(1)He equals me ______ strength but not ______ intelligence.他和我力气相当，但智力不同。

　　(2)Are men equal ______ women ______ physical strength？在体力上男人和女人相同吗？

　　(3)She did not feel equal ____________ visitors.她觉得自己不适合接待来客。

　　(4)Yao Ming is a basketball player ____________ in China.在中国，姚明是个无与伦比的篮球运动员。

　　答案是：in in；to in；to receiving；without equal

　　5．escape vi. 逃脱；逃走vt. 避免；免除 n．逃跑；逸出；出口

　　escape from 从……逃脱，逃走

　　escape＋n./doing sth. 避免(做)某事

　　a narrow/near escape死里逃生

　　fire escape太平梯，安全梯；安全出口

　　[即学即练5]　

　　(1)The bird has _____________ its cage.小鸟已从笼中逃掉了。

　　(2)Is the gas ____________ somewhere?是不是有地方漏气？

　　(3)How can we escape ___________/______________？我们怎样才不会被人发现？

　　(4)His name _________ me for the moment.我一时想不起他的名字来。

　　答案是：escaped from；escaping；observation；being observed；escapes

　　6．reward n. 报酬；奖金；vt. 酬劳，奖赏

　　rewarding adj. 报答的，有益的，值得的

　　as a reward for 作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏

　　in reward of 为酬谢……；作为奖励

　　reward sb. for sth./doing sth. 为(做)某事而报答某人

　　reward sb. with sth. 用某物奖赏某人

　　[即学即练6]　

　　(1)It's __________________ virtue.那是对美德的回报。

　　(2)I don't expect anything ____________； I did it because I enjoyed it.我不指望得到什么报答，我做这件事只是因为我喜欢干。

　　(3)They ________ the boy ______ ￡5 ______ bringing back the lost dog.他们给了那个男孩五英镑，酬谢他把走失的狗送回来。

　　答案是：a reward for；in reward；rewarded with for

　　7．out of work 失业

　　out of business 破产；歇业

　　out of control 失控

　　out of repair 失修

　　out of order 有毛病

　　out of date 过时

　　out of one's reach 够不着

　　out of danger 脱险

　　out of question 毫无疑问

　　out of the question 不可能的

　　out of patience 失去耐心

　　out of temper 发脾气

　　out of mind 心不在焉

　　[即学即练7]　

　　(1)________________,______________.[谚]眼不见，心不念。(离久情疏。)

　　(2)He’s been __________________for six months.他已经失业六个月了。

　　(3)It is __________________that he will be admitted into key universities.他能考上重点大学是不成问题的。

　　答案是：Out of sight；out of mind；out of work；out of question

　　8．in trouble 处在困难/麻烦中(表状态)

　　get (sb.) into/out of trouble 使(某人)陷入/摆脱困境(表动作)

　　ask/look for trouble 找麻烦

　　make trouble 闹事；捣乱

　　have trouble in doing sth. 做某事有麻烦

　　take the trouble to do sth. 不辞辛苦地做某事

　　put sb. to the trouble of doing sth.麻烦某人做某事

　　[即学即练8]　

　　(1)My friends always help me out when I am ____________(有麻烦时)．

　　(2)Don’t mention my name, or you’ll ________________ (给我惹麻烦)．

　　(3)They ________________________(费心地) find the right person.

　　答案是：in trouble；get me into trouble；took great trouble to

　　9．lose heart (＝be discouraged) 气馁；灰心；泄气

　　lose one's heart to sth.(＝devote oneself to sth.) 把身心投入到……

　　lose one's heart to sb. (＝fall in love with sb.)喜欢……

　　[即学即练9]　

　　(1)It is said that the team lost the game simply because the team leader ____________.据说这个队比赛输了就是因为队长丧失了信心。

　　(2)Don’t ____________； all will turn out well.不要失去勇气，一切都会好起来的。

　　答案是：lost heart；lose heart

　　拓展：put one's heart into 把全部心思放在……

　　have sth. in one's heart 把……放在心上

　　have one's heart in sth. 对某事有兴趣

　　set one's heart on/upon sth. 渴望/热衷于某事　

　　learn...by heart 记住；背诵

　　take heart 振作精神，鼓起勇气

　　10．turn to求助于；致力于

　　turn away拒绝，不准某人入内

　　turn around转身

　　turn down拒绝；调小

　　turn in上交

　　turn off关掉

　　turn on打开

　　turn out赶出；证明是，结果是

　　turn over翻身，翻转

　　turn up露面，出现；开大

　　[即学即练10]　

　　(1)Nobody seems to understand. I don’t know who to ____________.似乎没人懂这个，我不知道该向谁求助。

　　(2)Paul __________________ alcohol to try to forget his problems at work.保罗借酒消愁，想忘掉工作中的问题。

　　(3)The job ______________________ than we thought.这份工作结果比我们想像的更难。

　　(4)Why did she ____________ your invitation?她为什么拒绝你的邀请？

　　答案是：turn to；turned to drinking；turned out(to be) harder；turn down

　　11．set up 设立；建立

　　[即学即练11]　

　　写出下列各句中set up的意思。

　　(1)They set up a notice on the wall._________

　　(2)They set up a committee to investigate the matter.__________

　　(3)Chinese athletes set up quite a few new world records in the 15th Asian Games.____________

　　答案是：张贴；建立；创(纪录)

　　拓展：set about 开始做，着手

　　set aside 使分离；留出；拔出；不理会

　　set back 推迟，阻碍

　　set down 记下；写下；规定

　　set off 引起爆炸；动身出发；引起

　　set out 动身出发；开始；陈述；陈列

　　易 错 点 拨

　　自我完善•误区备考

　　1. reward/award/prize

　　(1)reward 指对某人的服务或工作等的报答，也指因帮助警察抓住罪犯或帮助失主找到东西而得到的奖金、酬金。

　　(2)award 指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励，往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的多少。

　　(3)prize多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所赢得的“奖，奖品”。

　　[应用1]　(1)She received a medal as a ______ for her courage.她得到一枚奖章，作为对她勇敢的奖赏。

　　(2)A ______ was given to the person who had the winning number.奖品给了那个获得中奖号码的人。

　　(3)He won the ______ for the best student of the year.他获得本年度优秀学生奖。

　　答案是：reward；prize；award

　　2. 名词短语或副词做连词，引导时间状语从句

　　[应用2]　(1)Betty shows great interest in this poem now, but she thought it boring ______ she read it.

　　A．at the first time B．the first time

　　C．for the first time D．at first

　　答案：B

　　解析：the first time“第一次时”，引导时间状语从句。

　　(2)My sister came ______ she got my short message.

　　A．exactly B．especially C．directly D．simply

　　答案：C

　　解析：directly＝as soon as“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。

　　(3)He left Europe ______ World War Ⅱ broke out.

　　A．the year B．in the year

　　C．during the year D．for the year

　　答案：A

　　解析：the year“在……这一年”，引导时间状语从句。

　　自我测评•技能备考

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写

　　1．He was made ______________(董事长) of the club.

　　2．He is the sort of man to be trusted because he always lives up to his _______________ (原则)．

　　3．His effort was _____________ (回报) with great success.

　　4．Most children in cities are better __________ (教育) than those in the countryside.

　　5．He was ____________ (判刑) to death.

　　答案是：president；principle；rewarded；educated；sentenced

　　6．She cried in t__________ when she saw a snake.

　　7．Black people are born e______ to the whites so they should share the same rights as them.

　　8．This company is more concerned with q________ than with quantity.

　　9．He is s_________ and he is always thinking of himself.

　　10．In my o__________， we should put off the sports meeting.

　　答案是：terror；equal；quality；selfish；opinion

　　Ⅱ .单项选择

　　1．As ______ matter of fact, ______ beauty of ______ nature there made an excellent impression on me.

　　A．a; the; /　B．a; the; the C．the; the; / D．a; /; the

　　答案：A

　　解析：考查冠词。as a matter of fact 实际上，事实上；nature 指“大自然”，不用冠词。

　　2．The police ______ roadblocks on routes out of the city to prevent the criminal from escaping.

　　A．set up B．set back

　　C．set down D．set aside

　　答案：A

　　解析：set up “建立，设立”合题意。set back 阻碍；set down 写下，记下；set aside 留下。

　　3．(2010•临川一中)Although ______ my opinion, the old professor didn't come up with his own.

　　A．in B．against C．for D．on

　　答案：B

　　解析：考查介词用法。语意：虽然老教授反对我的观点，但是他也没有提出自己的观点。前半句是“Although he was against my opinion”的省略结构。

　　4．—Did you give the book to him?

　　—Yes. I gave it to him ______ I saw him.

　　A．once B．the moment

　　C．while D．suddenly

　　答案：B

　　解析：the moment 用做连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。

　　5．They agreed to the plan ______， but there were some details they didn't like.

　　A．in danger B．in peace

　　C．in principle D．in common

　　答案：C

　　解析：考查介词短语。in principle“原则上，大体上”合题意。in danger 危险； in peace 和平；in common 和……一样。

　　6．Courage is one of the best ______ of a good soldier.

　　A．quality B．quantity

　　C．qualification D．feature

　　答案：A

　　解析：指“品质”用 quality。B.数量；C.资格；D.特色，特征。

　　7．Mr Read made up his mind to devote all he had to ______ some schools for poor children.

　　A．set up B．have set up

　　C．setting up D．having set up

　　答案：C

　　解析：句中的 all后面的 he had为定语从句，此题考查动词短语 devote...to 的用法。to为介词，排除A、B两项。set up schools的动作并未发生，排除D项。

　　8．Fitness is important in sport, but of at least ______ importance are skills.

　　A．fair B．reasonable C．equal D．proper

　　答案：C

　　解析：be of equal importance 具有同等的重要性。

　　9．You were lucky to escape ______.

　　A．punished B．from punishing C．being punished D．from being punished

　　答案：C

　　解析：escape being punished＝escape punishment 逃过受罚。

　　10．(2009•宜昌模拟) It is said that the police have offered a large ______ for information leading to the robber's arrest.

　　A．award B．prize

　　C．reward D．welfare

　　答案：C

　　解析：指“奖赏、酬金”用 reward。

　　11．In 2009, 3.88 million students graduated from colleges and universities, ______ 20% increase from 2008, some of whom remain out of ______work.

　　A．/; / B．a; / C．a; the D．the; /

　　答案：B

　　解析：第一空表示“一个20%的增长率”用a；第二空 out of work “失业”。