【人教课标版】高考英语一轮复习 精品语法(课件):专题6 正反解读动词和动词短语
13. 以lay为中心
lay aside 把……放在一边;留存备用
lay down
放下;规定
lay off
(暂时)解雇;停止
lay out
铺开,展开 14. 以leave为中心
leave behind 留下,忘记携带; 超过;永久离开
leave out
省去,遗漏,不把……计算在内
leave off
停止;中断
leave over
留下,剩下
leave alone
不干涉,不打扰 专题六 │ 正面解读 15. 以look为中心
look about
四下环顾;查看
look after
照顾,看管
look around
东张西望
look back
回顾,回头看
look back on/upon
回顾
look for
寻找;期待,期望
look down on/upon
俯视;轻视
look forward to
盼望,期待
look into
窥视;调查;浏览
look on/upon …as…
把……看作 专题六 │ 正面解读
look out
向外看;注意;当心,提防
look out for
当心,寻找,搜寻
look through
透过……看去;看穿;浏览
look up
查阅;仰视
look up to
仰慕,尊敬
16. 以pick为中心
pick off
去除;选择(目标)射击
pick out
精心挑出,辨别出
pick up
接(某人),搭载;捡起;学会;(偶然)得到
专题六 │ 正面解读 17. 以pull为中心
pull apart
拉开,分开
pull away
开动
pull down
拉下,拉倒;拆毁;使(价格)下降;使扫兴
pull in
(车船)抵达
pull off
短暂停车;获得成功
pull on
(匆匆)穿上,戴上
pull out
驶出,离开
pull through
克服困难;恢复
pull up
停止;训斥 专题六 │ 正面解读 18. 以put为中心
put aside
把……放在一边;搁置;积蓄,攒钱
put away
把……放好,把……收拾;储藏
put back
把……放回原处
put down
放下;镇压;记下
put an end to
结束,终止,废除
put forward
提出;拨快;建议,推荐;提倡
put in
安装;添上;打断
put off
推迟,延期;消除;推脱,脱下
put on
上演;穿上;增加;开动 专题六 │ 正面解读
put one's heart into
全神贯注,专心致志
put out
熄灭,伸出,拿出
put through
完成;(电话用语)拨通;使穿过
put up
举起,挂起;提名,推荐;安排住宿
put up with
忍受,容忍
19. 以send为中心
send away
解雇;赶走,把……送往远处
send for
派人去叫(请、拿)
send off
发出,寄出;邮购,函购
send out
发出,散发
send up
发射;使上升;取笑 专题六 │ 正面解读 20. 以set为中心
set about (doing)
着手,开始
set an example to sb.
给某人树立榜样
set aside
留出;放在一边;暂不考虑
set back
使推迟;使花费
set down
放下,卸下;登记,记载
set free
释放(某人)
set off
出发;使爆炸;引起
set out
出发;发表;着手做某事
set up
建立,设立,开办;引发,产生 专题六 │ 正面解读 21. 以take为中心
take after
仿效,与……相似
take away
拿走,减去;消除
take back
收回,取消
take care of
当心,注意;照顾;提防;谨慎
take charge of
负责,主管
take down
取下;记下;拆毁; 拆掉,拆除
take in
留宿;欺骗;吸收;理解
take…into account/consideration
考虑,重视
take off
开始有成就(成名);脱掉(衣服等);
(飞机)起飞;起程
; (价格)打折; 请假,休息
take on
呈现;雇佣;承担,担任
take one's place
代替 专题六 │ 正面解读
take out
拿出,取出;去除
take over
接管,接任;占上风
take part in
参与,参加
take place 发生;举行
take pride in
以……为荣,对……感到骄傲
take up
拿起;从事 (某项活动); 继续做
占用 (时间或空间);
take apart
把 (小型机器、钟表等) 拆开、拆散;
(在体育运动或比赛中)轻易击败某人
* Our son doesn’t know what to ___________ at the university;he can’t make up his mind about his future. A.take in B.take up
C.take over D.take after
解析:选B。take in接受,吸收,理解,欺骗;take up从事,参加,占据,继续;
take over接管;take after像。根据句意选B。 专题六 │ 正面解读 专题六 │ 正面解读
【活学活用】 (1) I'm sorry I was rude; I __________ (收回) everything I said.
(2) We find it difficult to ________ (理解) what he has taught. (3) The company decided to ________ (聘用) a new secretary.
(4) When the picture was ____________ (取下来), the wall looked very bare.
(5) Would you like me to _________ (接手) the driving for a while? (6)
Bill Gates is really a great man, whose career ___________ (大获成功) in his early thirties. take back take in take on take down take over take off 专题六 │ 正面解读 (7) England was really ____________ (彻底打败) by Italy in last night's match.
I'll __________ (继续讲) the story where I finished yesterday.
(9) We tried to find a table for seven,but they were all ____________ (占据;占用) .
They decided to kick him upstairs and appoint a younger man to ______________ (取代他). Nowadays plastics ____________________ (取代了) many conventional materials.
My study of biology has ________ (占据;占用) much of my spare time, but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment. taken apart take up taken up take his place have taken the place of taken up 22. 以think为中心
think about 考虑
think of …as…
把……看作
think out
仔细考虑,想通
think over
仔细考虑
think through
想通;充分考虑
think up
想出;发明
think highly (well/a lot/a great deal/much…)of
对……评价很高
think poorly (little/badly/ill…) of 对……评价不高;轻视,看不起
sing high praise for
对……评价很高
speak highly of
对……评价很高
have a high opinion of
对……评价很高 专题六 │ 正面解读 专题六 │ 正面解读
【活学活用】 (1) We ____________________ (对……评价很高) their research in this field. (2) I ____________________________ (对……评价不高) her idea. We ________________________________ (高度评价) his contributions to his country.
*I can’t _____ his name at the moment. A. think over
B. think about
C. think
D. think of
think/speak highly of don't think much of/think little of sing high praise for/speak highly of 23. 以throw为中心
throw at把……投向
throw away
丢弃,浪费;错失(机会)
throw oneself into
投身于,积极从事
throw out
逐出;否决;散发
throw up
呕吐;使显眼;匆匆建造 *Every day, people _____ a lot of rubbish.
A. give away
B. throw away
C. clean away
D. wash away
*What a pity! He ____________ the only chance of success.
A. gave in
B. put down
C. threw away
D. broke off
专题六 │ 正面解读 24. 以turn为中心
turn away
把……打发走,转脸不理睬
turn down
调小;驳回,拒绝考虑
turn off
关上;拐弯;使厌烦
turn on
打开;依靠,取决于;突然攻击
turn out
出席;证明是;向外;出现
turn over
翻转;转动
turn round/around
旋转,转过身来
turn in
上交(=hand in)
turn to
转向,求助于
turn upside down
颠倒过来,翻过来 *The mobile phone you lost yesterday has ______. A. turned in
B. turned out
C. turned to
D. turned up 专题六 │ 正面解读 1. 【误】
He is listening the teacher carefully.
【正】
He is listening carefully.
【正】
He is listening to the teacher carefully.
【解析】
学习实义动词,一定要分清楚这个动词属于及物动词还是不及物动词,然后再根据不同的使用规则使用不同的动词。
专题六 │ 反面解读 反面解读 2. 【误】 The mixture is tasted terrible.
【正】 The mixture tastes terrible.
【解析】
连系动词后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个(如get, become, grow等)外,系动词不用于进行时态和被动结构。 专题六 │ 反面解读 3.After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane ________ her job as a doctor in the countryside. A.set out B.took over C.took up D.set up
【误】 B
【正】 C
【解析】 对高频短语take up的意思掌握不全面,不知道该短语除了表示“占用”之意外,还可以表示“开始从事……”。句意:简在医学院学了五年后,在乡村从事医生工作。
set out“出发, 开始”;
take over“接收, 接管”;
take up“拿起, 开始从事”;
set up“设立, 竖立”。 根据题意选C。 专题六 │ 反面解读 1. [2010·全国卷Ⅰ] The workers __________ the glasses and marked on each box “This Side Up”.
A.carried
B.delivered
C.pressed
D.packed
【解析】 D 考查动词词义辨析。
句意为:工人们把眼镜打包,然后在每个箱子上贴上“此端朝上”。pack打包。 专题六 │ 实战演练 实战演练 2. [2010·辽宁卷]
The new movie____________ to be one of the biggest moneymakers of all time.
A.promises
B.agrees
C.pretends
D.declines
【解析】 A 考查动词词义辨析。
promise表示“允诺,答应”, “有……的希望”的意思;
agree意为“同意,赞同”;pretend意为“假装”;decline意为“减少,衰退”。只有promise符合题意。句意为:这部新电影有望成为电影票房史上票房最高的影片之一。又如:
The girl ______ to be a good teacher if she is well trained in an art school.
A. expects
B. promises
C. allows
D. wishes 专题六 │ 实战演练 3. What the young man can't ________ is that his mum always treats him like a baby.
A.support
B.undertake
C.hold
D.bear
【解析】 D 考查动词辨析。
A意为“支持”;
B意为“承担,担任,着手做”;C意为“握住,容纳”;D意为“容忍,忍受”。句意为:这个年轻人无法忍受的是他的母亲总是把他当个小孩来对待。根据题意可知应选D。 4. We want to rent a bus which can ________ 40 people for our trip to Beijing.
A.load
B.hold
C.fill
D.support
【解析】 B 根据句意,此处需用表示“容纳,包含”的动词,只有B项符合。 专题六 │ 实战演练 5.
The film Avatar ( 阿凡达 ) will be on tonight but it's at 1:30 am. I don't want to ________ that late.
A.stay up
B.show off
C.put up
D.get off
【解析】 A 考查动词短语辨析。
根据题干意思选A。
stay up熬夜;
show off炫耀,卖弄;
put up举起,建起,张贴;
get off下车,出发,脱掉。
专题六 │ 实战演练 6. — How are you managing to do your business without a secretary?
— Well, I ________ somehow.
A.get along
B.care about
C.watch out
D.set off
【解析】 A 考查动词短语辨析。
get along(勉强)生活,工作下去; care about关注;
watch out小心;
set off出发。 7. I've ________ my umbrella in the office and I'll have to fetch it.
A.forgot
B.left
C.remained