2024届高考英语（北师大版）一轮复习综合训练（课件）：Module 5 Unit 15 Learning
3．虚拟语气在as if/as though 引导的方式状语从句中的应用
(谓语动词形式与wish后的宾语从句基本相同)表示与现在事实
相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式。例如：He
felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened.
表示过去想象中的动作或情况，谓语动词用过去完成式。现在
或将来，用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反，例如：I would
rather he went right now.
4．在if only 引起的感叹句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式
或过去完成式。例如： Look at the terrible situation I am
in！If only I had followed your advice.
虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀
疑，猜测， 建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存
在的事实。
语法专练 1．He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he
________ it differently.
A．could express
B．would express
C．could have expressed
D．must have expressed
解析：句意：他不后悔说他做了什么，但是他觉得本可以用
其他方式表达。和过去相反，故用could have done。
答案：C 2．The doctor recommended that you ________ swim after
eating a large meal.
A．wouldn’t
B．couldn’t
C．needn’t
D．shouldn’t
解析：句意：医生建议你不要在吃饱后去游泳。Recommend
后加从句谓语动词用should do。
答案：D
3．This printer is of good quality.If it ________ break
down within the first year，we would repair it at our
expense.
A．Would
B．Should
C．Could
D．might
解析：句意：这种打印机质量非常好，如果一年内出现问
题，免费修理。根据句意应是对将来的虚拟，故选B。
答案：B 4．The teacher demanded that the exam __________
before eleven.
A．must finish
B．would be finished
C．be finished
D．must be finished
解析：句意：老师要求11点以前结束考试。demand后的宾
语从句中谓语动词用should do。
答案：C 5．She made the demand that the journalists ________
at once ________ Iraq.
A．leave；for
B．leave；to
C．left；to
D．to be left；for
解析：句意：她要求记者立即赶往伊拉克。本句是一个同
位语从句，demand后的同位语从句中谓语动词应用should
do。
答案：A 6．He is talking so much about America as if he ________
there.
A．had been
B．has been
C．was
D．has gone
解析：句意：他谈起美国，好像他去过一样。本题考查as if引
导的从句中的虚拟语气，和过去事实相反，故选A。
答案：A 7．The young man insisted that he ________ nothing wrong
and ________ free.
A．did；set
B．had done；should be set
C．should do；be set
D．had done；must be set
解析：句意：年轻人坚持说他没做错，应该被释放。第一空表
示坚持认为，用陈述语气，第二空表示应该，用虚拟语气，故
选B。
答案：B 8．I suggested there ________ be a kind of language
________ all could understand and use.
A．can；it
B．/；/
C．would；it
D．may；/
解析：我建议应该有一种语言，全世界都可以理解和使用。
suggest后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，第二空是定语从句，从
句中缺少宾语，故选B。
答案：B 9．The suggestion has been made ________ the
basketball game ________ put off.
A．for；to
B．that；be
C．which；should be
D．to；being
解析：句意：有人建议篮球比赛应该取消。第一空用
that引导同位语从句，suggestion后的同位语从句谓语
动词用should do。
答案：B
10．The order came that the medical supplies ________ to
Beijing for the SARS soon.
A．would be sent
B．should send
C．be sent
D．must be sent
解析：句意：命令传来说，医疗供应应马上送往北京应对
SARS。order 后的同位语从句应用should do。
答案：C 11．But for the help of my English teacher，I
________ the first prize in the English Writing
Competition.
(2009·福建， 35)
A．would not win
B．would not have won
C．would win
D．would have won
解析：句意：要没有英语老师的帮助，我不会在英语写
作比赛中获第一名。本题考查虚拟语气，根据句意，主
句应该使用否定式，而本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
答案：B 1．________ you go to Miss Liu’s，explain for me to her
why I was late that day.
A．Can
B．May
C．Would
D．Should
解析：逗号前的部分是If you should go to Miss Liu’s的
倒装形式。在表示可能与将来事实相反的虚拟假设时，常用
“If＋主语＋should/were to＋其他部分”句型。此时，可以
将if省略，把should/were置于主语之前，采用部分倒装。
答案：D 2．—Time flies.Seven days have passed.I want to go back
to my hometown.
—Yeah！How fast time runs！But take your time；I’d
rather you ________ here a little longer.
A．had stayed
B．are staying
C．should stay
D．stayed
解析：考查虚拟语气。would rather后跟从句时，从句要用
一般过去时来表示现在或将来的动作，故选D项。
答案：D 3．—It has become a nationwide requirement that every
student ________ have daily exercise for one hour.
—Yeah.It is high time that we ________ special attention
to physical exercise.
A．must；should pay
B．should；paid
C．will；shall pay
D．need；pay
解析：考查虚拟语气和情态动词。主句中有requirement，宾
语从句的谓语部分应用(should＋)动词原形，故第一空填
should；第二空所在句式为It is(about/high)time＋从
句，从句应用一般过去时。
答案：B 4．—Yao Ming and Yi Jianlian have finished their season in
NBA this year.
—Yes.They ________ better but for the injuries.
A．could have done
B．can do
C．couldn’t have done
D．can’t do
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是受伤的话，他们可能会
打得更好。由前句“已经打完了”确定，此处表示与过去事实
相反，主句中应用could have done。
答案：A
拓展提升：在虚拟语气中，有些句子不带if条件句，而是通
过某些词、短语或上下文暗示与事实相反的情况，这种句子
叫做含蓄条件句。常见的这样的词和短语有：but for(要不
是)，without(没有)，otherwise/or(否则)等。这类句子的
谓语要按照带有if条件句的主句的虚拟用法处理。 5．If only he ________ himself and explained who he was，
then，of course I should have given him proper service.
A．had introduced
B．introduced
C．has introduced
D．have introduced
解析：考查虚拟语气。if only后的从句用虚拟语气，从后面
主句用should have given可知，句子表示的是与过去事实相
反的假设，故从句用过去完成时。
答案：A 【例1】 The system has been designed to give students quick
and easy ________ to the digital resources of the
library.
(2009·浙江，6)
A．Access
B．Passage
C．way
D．approach
【解题方法指导】 考查名词辨析。语意：新设计的系统能够让
学生便捷、容易地搜索到图书馆的电子资源。这里give...access
to...是固定词组，表示“能得到，能进入”，所以选A。
答案：A
教材原文对照
The thing about being a teacher is that you have access
to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn.
(p40)
【例2】 Last night Mr.Crook didn’t come back at the usual
time.________，he met some friends and stayed out
until midnight.
(2008·湖南，25)
A．Meanwhile
B．However
C．Instead
D．Yet
【解题方法指导】 选项A意为“同时，其间”，表示对比；选项
B意为“然而”，表示转折；选项C意为“相反，反而，却”，表
示对比；选项D意为“然而”，表示转折。根据句意可知选C。
答案：C 教材原文对照
Instead,they learn how to play with other children in preparation for school.
(p46) 【例3】 The children all turned ________ the famous
actress as she entered the classroom.(2009·全国Ⅰ，30)
A．looked at
B．to look at
C．to looking at
D．look at 【解题方法指导】 考查非谓语动词。语意：当那个著名的女演员进教室时，孩子们都转身去看她。动词不定式作状语表示目的。 答案：B
教材原文对照
Ten months later,Sir Gawain went off to find the Green Knight.
(P51) 例4：She heard a terrible noise，________ brought her heart into her mouth. A．it
B．which
C．this
D．that 析：答案为B。分析语境含义、句子结构和句子成分可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为a terrible noise，且它在从句中作主语。应将该句区别于： I can’t stand the terrible noise ________ she is crying loudly. A．it
B．which
C．this
D．that 析：答案为D。she is crying loudly是the terrible noise的内容，且the terrible noise不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。 We should consider the students’ request ________ the school library provide more books on popular science.(2009·重庆，31) A．that
B．when
C．Which
D．Where —Is there any possibility ________ you could pick me up at the airport? —No problem.(2009·浙江，12) A．when
B．that
C．Whether
D．What News came from the school office ________ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.(2009·四川，7) A．which
B．what
C．that
D．where 即学即用 40 41 42 解析：以上三道题都考查同位语从句，并且同位语从句中也不缺少任何成分，故三道题都选that，分别是A，B，C。 答案：
A
B
C 40 41 42 5.Education is what remains when_we_have_forgotten_all we have been taught.教育就是那些当我们完全忘记了所被教授的一切时所留下来的东西。 【精讲拓展】 (1)when we have forgotten all是一个时间状语从句；we have been taught是定语从句修饰先行词all，is后为what引导的表语从句，从句位于系动词后，所要填的词指代物或事情，且从句缺主语、宾语或表语等，例如： 例：See the flags on top of the building？That was ________ we did this morning.(全国Ⅰ，23)
A．when
B．which
C．where
D．what 解析：此题从句位于系动词was后，因此考查表语从句。从句中缺did的宾语，所填的词指“我们所做的事情，”所以答案为D。答案：D (2)特殊句式 A is/are to B what C is/are to D，意思是A对B之关系好比C对D之关系。 此句式中what引导表语从句，并且在从句中作表语。 例：Engines are to machines ________ hearts are to animals.(山东，23) A．as
B．that
C．what
D．which 解析：此题结构符合上面的特殊句式，what引导表语从句，在从句中作表语。 答案：C 即学即用 America was ________ was first called “India” by Columbus. A．what
B．where
C．the place
D．there where 解析：此题考查表语从句，并且从句中缺少主语，应为a place that，故选A。 答案：A The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work. A．that
B．which
C．what
D．such 答案：C 44 43 6．And I wish they would decrease the size of classes—it’s
not easy doing lessons in laboratories with big groups...
我还希望他们能减少班级的人数——在实验室上课时，小组人
数过多不太好操作……
【精讲拓展】
wish后接宾语从句时,从句要用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。
本句表示与将来相反，从句用“would/could/might＋动词
原形”。还可以表示和现在，过去相反。
(1)对现在情况的虚拟(与现在的事实相反)：
从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构
为：宾语从句的谓语be用were，实义动词用过去式。例： I wish(that可省略，下同)I knew the answer to the question. 我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around. 但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能) I wish I were a bird.但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能) Now that he is in China，he wishes he understood Chinese. 现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂) (2)对过去情况的虚拟(和过去的事实相反)：
