2024届高考英语一轮复习夯实练习：必修5U5《First aid》（新人教版含解析）
2024高考英语（人教版）必修5U5一轮夯实练习及答案
阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。
Many of us were raised with the saying“Waste not，want not.”None of us，(1)h
，can completely avoid waste in our lives.
Any kind of waste is thoughtless.Whether we waste our potential talents，our own time，our limited natural (2)
(资源)，our money，or other people's time，each of us can become more aware and careful.The smallest good habits can make a big (3)d
.It's a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our (4)b
in a world that is in serious trouble.By focusing on (5)
(节省)oil，water，paper，food，and clothing，we are playing a part (6)
_________cutting down on waste.
We must keep reminding (7)
(自己)that it is easier to get into something (8)
_________it is to get out of it.Actually，severe damage (9)d
to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution.It's time for us to (10)
no to waste so that our grandchildren's children will be able to develop well.We can't solve all the problems of waste，but we can encourage mindfulness.
Waste not!
1．however [句意：然而，在我们的生活中，没有人能完全避免浪费。位于句中，前后都有逗号，用副词，所以填however。]
2．resources [作waste的宾语，故用名词形式，且用名词复数。]
3．difference [句意：最小的好习惯也会起作用。make a difference是固定用法，意思是有影响，起作用。]
4．best [do one's best是固定用法，意思是尽某人最大的努力。]
5．saving [介词on之后用动词的－ing形式。]
6． in play a part in [是固定用法，意思是“在……中起作用”。]
7．ourselves [句意：我们必须不断地提醒我们自己，所以填反身代词ourselves。]
8．than [这里进行比较，所以用比较句式，故填than。]
9．done [“严重危害”和“作用于”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。]
10．say [句意：是时候对“浪费”说不了。It is time for sb to do sth是固定用法，意思是“是时候做某事了。” ]
一、单句语法填空
1．(202422)— Did you enjoy the party?
—Yes.We ____________(treat) well by our hosts.
2．(2024·天津，阅读D)Be bold and brave—and mighty (强大的) forces will come ____________ your aid.
3．(2024·陕西，阅读C)Americans see eating as something to ____________(squeeze) between the other daily activities.
4．It was so hot that he was sweating a lot and his shirt was sticking ____________ his back.
5．(2024·陕西，书面表达)I'm writing to apply ____________ the position as a student volunteer.
6．If you happen to get ____________(lose) in the wild，you'd better stay where you are and wait for help.
7．(2024·江苏，书面表达)What's worse，some drivers，cyclists and pedestrians do not think ____________ vital to obey traffic rules.
8．(2024·江苏，26)It is so cold that you can't go outside unless fully ____________(cover) in thick clothes.
9．I tried to put ____________ hands on the information I needed.
10．(2024·广东，语法填空)One day，the cow ____________(eat) grass when it began to rain heavily.
答案 1.were treated 2.to 3.be squeezed 4.to 5．for 6.lost 7.it 8.covered 9.my 10.was eating
I was walking in my school campus from my office to my car at about 9pm. On the way, I ran into a fellow who was ____1____ lost. He asked me for directions, saying he needed to get to East Palo Alto. But the ____2_____ was that he was walking in the complete opposite direction!
I _____3____ him in the correct direction, but warned him it was a long way off. He didn't speak English very well, and generally seemed without sense of ____4_____. I quickly felt like helping him. ____5_____ he was a big guy, I got the ____6_____ that he was harmless.
I sent him on his way, and I walked away towards my car. Just as he was going out of a short way, something ____7_____ me clicked, and I offered him a ____8_____. He gratefully accepted, and he offered to show me his ID. I declined, but ____9_____ my hand and introduced myself. He said his name was Mario.
Mario followed me to my car. When I unlocked the passenger door for him, he didn't get in _____10____ I assured him it was fine. As we sat in the car together, I suddenly got ____11_____. “If this guy wanted, he could hurt me and take my car”, I ____12_____ calling my brother as a safety precaution (预防措施), but then I felt determined not to feel scared.
Mario and I got into some _____3____. He told me about his family in Mexico, how he works _____14____ doesn't ever earn enough, how he used to live near Fresno and work on the farms but now ____15_____ more in the Bay Area. It was good talking to him, though I couldn't shake the nervousness completely. I kept asking him questions that would give me clues as to ____16_____he was being truthful.
When we got into East Palo Alto, I pulled into a gas station and told him it was as far as I could take him. He quickly got out and ____17_____ me several times, saying he _____18____ find his way home from there.
Thinking back on it, I am glad to give a ride to Mario. Although it was risky, I think such things should be done without _____19____, or not at all. I wouldn't say I'd _____20____ a hitchhiker（搭车人）again, but I know that if I did, I would make sure I could offer more love and less fear.
1. A. eventually
B. obviously
C. naturally
D. casually
2. A. problem
B. chance
C. cause
D. effect
3. A. approved
B. expressed
C. pointed
D. announced
4. A. humour
B. direction
C. responsibility
D. safety
5. A. Though
B. Since
C. As
D. When
6. A. impression
B. colleague
C. fact
D. choice
7. A. in
B. over
C. about
D. through
8. A. greeting
B. present
C. suggestion
D. ride
9. A. put up
B. turned out
C. looked up
D. held out
10. A. when
B. after
C. until
D. since
11. A. nervous
B. generous
C. distant
D. familiar
12. A. suggested
B. imagined
C. considered
D. appreciated
13. A. friendship
B. conversations
C. instructions
D. cooperation
14. A. and
B. or
C. but
D. so
15. A. earns
B. devotes
C. supports
D. sponsors
16. A. why
B. how
C. what
D. whether
17. A. praised
B. encouraged
C. warned
D. thanked
18. A. must
B. needed
C. could
D. dared
19. A. pride
B. fear
C. trust
D. courage
20. A. turn against
B. leave out
C. pick up
D. believe in
【参考答案及解析】
1. B. obviously明显的。A. eventually最后 ，C. naturally自然的，D. casually随便的。
2. A. problem 问题是。B. chance 机会，C. cause原因，D. effect影响。
3. C. pointed指路。A. approved 赞成， B. expressed表达， D. announced 通知。
4. B. direction方向感。
A. humour 幽默，C. responsibility责任，D. safety安全。
5. A. Though虽然。B. Since由于。
6. . impression留下印象。. colleague 同事， C. fact事实. choice 选择
7. A. in在我心里。B. over 上面，C. about关，D. through 通过。
8. B. ride给人搭车。A. greeting 问候，B. present礼物，C. suggestion 建议。
9. D. held out伸出手。A. put up举手，B. turned out证明，结果，C. looked up 抬头看
0. C. until直到。 A. when当---时， B. after在---以后 D. since 自从---
1. A. nervous感到紧张。B. generous 慷慨的，C. distant 有距离的，D. familiar熟悉的。
2. C. considered考虑。A. suggested建议，B. imagined 想象，D. appreciated感激。
3. B. conversations 谈话。A. friendship友谊，C. instructions指导D. ooperation合作。
14. C. but转折。
5. A. earns挣钱。B. devotes奉献， C. supports 支持， D. sponsors赞助。
6. D. whether 是否。
7. D. thanked 感谢。A. praised表扬，B. encouraged鼓励， C. warned提醒。
8. C. could能。 A. must必须，B. needed需要，D. dared敢。
9. B. fear害怕。 A. pride自豪，C. trust 信任，D. courage勇气。
0. C. pick up接人。 A. turn against背叛，B. leave out 遗漏，D. believe in相信。
三、阅读理解
A段
Scientists recently found three animal species living two miles below the surface of the Mediterranean Sea, where the super-salty waters don’t have oxygen(氧). They’re multicellular(多细胞的), which means their bodies have many cells. They each are as small as a large grain of sand. But they are animals.
The most exciting thing about these creatures, say the scientists, is that they obviously don’t need oxygen to live. What biologists know about life so far is that only single-celled living things can live in places that have no oxygen, and that multicellular organisms(有机物) can visit these places, but not live there. These newly found creatures could change that idea.
Finding animals down there was so surprising that the scientists couldn’t believe it. At first, “we thought they were dead bodies,” Roberto Danovaro, a scientist at the Polytechnic University of Marche in Ancona, Italy, told Science News. To find out whether the animals could actually live there Danovaro and his colleagues brought up more samples(样本) from the ocean floor. Studying the animals in the new samples showed that they appeared to be alive.
The researchers did more tests, and found that some of the animals had eggs—which suggests they were reproducing(繁殖). Also in the samples were old skins, suggesting that the animals had lived there long enough to grow. Finally, pictures taken showed that the insides of the animals appear to be adapted to live in an environment that has no oxygen.
These clues suggest the animals don’t need oxygen, but the evidence(证据) is indirect, which means that scientists still have not observed how the animals live without oxygen. This means more studies are needed, but the scientists think they’re on the right track. And if they’re right, biologists will need to rethink what they know about where animals live.
What excited the scientists most is that______.
A.they found three animal species visit the salty water under the Mediterranean Sea
B.single-celled animals can live in super-salty waters
C.the tiny animals have many cells
D.three kinds of animals can live in places that have no oxygen
The underlined phrase in Paragraph 2 means the scientists could think _____.
A.only single-celled creatures don’t need oxygen to live
B.multicellular animals can visit the super-salty waters
C.the newly found creatures can’t live in the super-salty waters
D.multicellular animals also can live without oxygen besides single-celled ones
Which of the following CAN’T be used to prove the newly found creatures can live in super-salty waters?
A.Their dead bodies are found there.
B.Some in the samples have eggs.
C.Some old skins are found in the samples.
D.The pictures of their insides have been taken.
More studies are needed to prove_____.
A.where single-celled animals can live
B.how the newly found animals live without oxygen
C.whether the multicellular creatures can live underwater
D.why the super-salty waters have no oxygen
文章介绍了科学家在深海没有氧气的水中发现了三种多细胞的动物，并为他们是否能真正的在如此的环境中生存进行了大量的试验。
1.D。细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段可知科学家在深海中发现了三种生物，最让他们兴奋的是这三种多细胞动物竟然是生活在没有氧气的水中。
2.D。句意理解题。第二段中说到科学家们认为只有单细胞的动物才可以在没有氧气的水中生存。多细胞动物只能到达这样的环境却不能在这样的环境中生存。所以这样的发现可能改变科学家们原来的观点。
3.A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的内容可知：在所取得的样本中发现了有的动物有卵；也发现了他们退去的陈旧的皮肤；他们体内的照片也发现他们适应了没有氧气的环境。所有这些都间接地证明了这些
动物是不需要氧气的。
4.B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句目前的证据都是间接的，要想证明这些动物是如何在没有氧气的情况下生存还需要进一步的试验。
B段
Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archaeologists(考古学家) says. I a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.
“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice,” they write.
The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC. Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time, but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the ground.
The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago. If human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.
